| Beide Seiten der vorigen Revision Vorhergehende Überarbeitung Nächste Überarbeitung | Vorhergehende Überarbeitung |
| electrical_engineering_and_electronics_1:block07 [2025/10/27 23:55] – mexleadmin | electrical_engineering_and_electronics_1:block07 [2025/11/05 03:08] (aktuell) – mexleadmin |
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| Application: | Application: |
| - In __power engineering__ $\eta \rightarrow 100\%$ is often desired: We want the maximum power output with the lowest losses at the internal resistance of the source. Thus, the internal resistance of the source should be low compared to the load $R_{\rm L} \gg R_{\rm i} $. | - In __power engineering__ $\eta \rightarrow 100\%$ is often desired: We want the maximum power output with the lowest losses at the internal resistance of the source. Thus, the internal resistance of the source should be low compared to the load $R_{\rm L} \gg R_{\rm i} $. |
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| | ==== The Utilization Rate ==== |
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| The **utilization rate** $\varepsilon$ describes the delivered power $P_{\rm out}$ concerning the maximum possible power $P_{\rm in, max}$ of the ideal source. | The **utilization rate** $\varepsilon$ describes the delivered power $P_{\rm out}$ concerning the maximum possible power $P_{\rm in, max}$ of the ideal source. |
| = {{R_{\rm L}} \over {(R_{\rm L}+R_{\rm i})}}\cdot {{R_{\rm i}} \over {(R_{\rm L}+R_{\rm i})}}} | = {{R_{\rm L}} \over {(R_{\rm L}+R_{\rm i})}}\cdot {{R_{\rm i}} \over {(R_{\rm L}+R_{\rm i})}}} |
| \end{align*} | \end{align*} |
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| ==== The Utilization Rate ==== | |
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| In other applications, the **absolute maximum power** has to be taken from the source, without consideration of the losses via the internal resistance. This corresponds to the situation (2.) in <imgref imageNo14>. For this purpose, the internal resistance of the source and the load are matched. This case is called **{{https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impedance_matching|impedance matching}} ** (the impedance is up to for DC circuits equal to the resistance). The utilization rate here becomes maximum: $\varepsilon = 25~\%$. | In other applications, the **absolute maximum power** has to be taken from the source, without consideration of the losses via the internal resistance. This corresponds to the situation (2.) in <imgref imageNo14>. For this purpose, the internal resistance of the source and the load are matched. This case is called **{{https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impedance_matching|impedance matching}} ** (the impedance is up to for DC circuits equal to the resistance). The utilization rate here becomes maximum: $\varepsilon = 25~\%$. |
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| Application: | Application: |
| - In __communications engineering__ the impedance matching of the source (the antenna) and the load (the signal-acquiring microcontroller) uses resistors, capacitors, and inductors. There, we want to get the maximum power out of an antenna. For this purpose, the internal resistance of the source (e.g., a receiver) and the load (e.g., the downstream evaluation) are matched. An example can be seen in this {{electrical_engineering_1:anp084a_en_-_impedance_matching_for_near_field_com.pdf#page=4|application note for near field communication}}. | - In __communications engineering__ the impedance matching of the source (the antenna) and the load (the signal-acquiring microcontroller) uses resistors, capacitors, and inductors. There, we want to get the maximum power out of an antenna. For this purpose, the internal resistance of the source (e.g., a receiver) and the load (e.g., the downstream evaluation) are matched. An example can be seen in this {{anp084a_en_-_impedance_matching_for_near_field_commu.pdf#page=4|application note for near field communication}}. |
| - Furthermore, also for __photovoltaic cells__ one wants to get the maximum power out. In this case, the concept is often called **{{https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maximum_power_point_tracking|Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT)}} ** | - Furthermore, also for __photovoltaic cells__ one wants to get the maximum power out. In this case, the concept is often called **{{https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maximum_power_point_tracking|Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT)}} ** |
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