Golden Rules

Explain the Golden Rules of the operational amplifier.


${\rm ................................................................................................}$

${\rm ................................................................................................}$

${\rm ................................................................................................}$

${\rm ................................................................................................}$

${\rm ................................................................................................}$

${\rm ................................................................................................}$

${\rm ................................................................................................}$

${\rm ................................................................................................}$

${\rm ................................................................................................}$

${\rm ................................................................................................}$

Op-Amp zero adjustment without feedback

Fig. 1: Zero adjustment

$U_{\rm DD}{\rm=10~V},~U_{\rm SS}{\rm=-10~V},~R_{\rm 1}{\rm=10~k\Omega}$