Golden Rules

Explain the Golden Rules of the operational amplifier.


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Op-Amp zero adjustment without feedback

Build the following circuit in figure 1 with the power supply and a multimeter.



Fig. 1: Zero adjustment

$U_{\rm DD}{\rm~=10~V},~U_{\rm SS}{\rm~=-10~V},~R_{\rm 1}{\rm~=10~k\Omega},~R_{\rm 2}{\rm~=220~k\Omega}$

Adjust the output of the Op-Amp to zero. Descripe your results and explain them.


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How can the circuit be improved? Draw an improved version and explain it.





























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